Enter a temperature in any field — all others update instantly.

Celsius (°C)

Fahrenheit (°F)

Gas Mark

Fan / Convection (°C)

Common baking temperatures

Description	°C	°F	Gas Mark	Fan °C
Low Very slow / warm	120	250	½	100
Low Slow	150	300	2	130
Med Moderate	160	325	3	140
Med Moderate-hot	180	350	4	160
Med Fairly hot	190	375	5	170
Hot Hot	200	400	6	180
Hot Very hot	220	425	7	200
Hot Extremely hot	240	475	9	220

About the Oven Temperature Converter

Why oven temperatures differ

Recipes from different countries use different temperature scales. American recipes use Fahrenheit, most European recipes use Celsius, and older British recipes often use Gas Marks. Fan ovens also run hotter than conventional ovens.

How to use it

Enter a temperature in any field and all other units update instantly: Celsius, Fahrenheit, Fan/Convection Celsius, and Gas Mark.

Fan vs conventional Fan ovens circulate hot air and cook more intensely — reduce temperature by about 20°C (35°F) versus the conventional setting, or use the Fan column directly.
Gas Mark guide Gas Mark 1 ≈ 140°C (very low). Gas Mark 6 ≈ 200°C (hot). Gas Mark 9 ≈ 240°C (very hot).

Oven temperature accuracy

Most domestic ovens run 10-25°C hotter or cooler than their dials indicate. An oven thermometer (£5-15) gives accurate readings and is one of the best investments for consistent baking. Fan ovens circulate heat more efficiently and typically cook 15-20°C hotter than conventional ovens at the same setting — most recipes specify which type they assume.

Oven thermometer — essential for accurate baking; check your oven's actual temperature
Fan vs conventional — reduce fan oven temperature by 15-20°C compared to conventional oven recipes
Hot spots — most ovens have hot spots; rotate baking trays halfway through for even results
Preheating — most ovens need 15-20 minutes to reach temperature; gas ovens heat faster than electric

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the fan/convection oven adjustment?

Fan (convection) ovens circulate hot air, cooking food more evenly and efficiently. They typically cook 20°C (about 35°F) hotter than conventional ovens. Always reduce the temperature by 20°C when converting a recipe written for a conventional oven to a fan oven, or reduce cooking time by 10–15%.

How do I convert Gas Mark to Celsius?

Multiply the Gas Mark by 14 and add 121: °C ≈ (Gas Mark × 14) + 121. Gas Mark 4 = (4×14)+121 = 177°C ≈ 180°C. This calculator handles all conversions automatically.

What is a fan oven and how does it differ from a conventional oven?

A fan oven (convection oven) has a fan that circulates hot air, cooking food more evenly and quickly. Fan ovens are typically 15–20°C (about 25–35°F) hotter than a conventional oven at the same setting, which is why most recipes specify reducing the temperature when using fan mode.

What does "Gas Mark" mean?

Gas Mark is the temperature scale used on gas ovens, primarily in the UK and Ireland. Gas Mark 1 is about 140°C (275°F) and each mark increases by roughly 14°C (25°F). Gas Mark 6 (200°C / 400°F) is the most common baking temperature.

Why do ovens vary so much?

Domestic ovens are notoriously inaccurate — the thermostat dial rarely reflects the actual internal temperature precisely. An oven thermometer is the most reliable way to know your oven's true temperature.